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1. Do Legume Cover Crops Help Mineralize Soil Nitrogen?Nitrogen (N) dynamic is dependent on multiple factor all of which influence in-season plant N availability. Inclusion of a cover crop can have additional impacts on N dynamic by utilizing fall residue soil N, reducing the potential of N leaching. Legume cover crops also have the potential to add additional N to the soil through N fixation. The objective of this study was to evaluate N dynamic of different cover crops (legume and nonlegume) compared to no cover... B. Chim, S. Osborne, R. Lehman |
2. Long-term Crop Rotation Impact on Soil Properties and Crop ResponseCrop rotations can be part of sustainable agriculture production by their effectiveness depends on understanding how crop rotations affect above- and below-ground crop characteristics. Objectives were to investigate crop rotation effects on shoot dry weight and root characteristics of cereal and grain legume crops at anthesis as well as on grain yield. Rotations were corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], (CS); corn-soybean-spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-field... S. Osborne, R. Lehman, W. Riedell, B. Chim |
3. Inter-seeding Cover Crops Influence on Optimal Corn Nitrogen Rate in No-tillMoving from conventional to no-till with the inclusion of cover crops may change the amount and timing of nitrogen (N) provided to corn (Zea mays L.) from mineralization, which may increase or decrease needed N fertilizer to optimize corn grain yield. This study evaluated the effect of cover crop composition on corn N fertilizer requirement and corn grain yield. The effect of three cover crop treatments (no cover crop, single grass species, and grass/broadleaf mixture) on corn... J. Clark, S. Osborne, P. Kovacs, R. Slaght |
4. Predicting Crop Yield Losses Due to Soil-water Salinity: Comparison of Traditional and Alternative ApproachesIt is estimated that 2,000 ha of cropland are taken out of production daily worldwide due to salinization and sodification. Salinity is estimated to result in economic losses of $27.3 billion U.S. dollars annually. Our project aims to jointly develop techniques for quantifying the severity of soil-water salinity and impacts on crop production on surface-irrigated fields in Pakistan’s Indus River Valley and the Lower Arkansas River Valley (LARV) in Colorado. The Fairmont Drainage District... A. Brown, A. Andales, T. Gates |
5. Managing Nutrients in Beef Feedlot Manure - Lessons from a 45-year Field StudyThe original objective of a long-term field experiment established in 1973 was to determine the safe loading capacity of soil with beef cattle feedlot manure. Manure was applied annually at 0, 30, 60, and 90 Mg ha-1 (wet weight) under rainfed and 0, 60, 120, and 180 Mg ha-1 under irrigated conditions. The long-term manure applications increased organic matter, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content and salinity in the soil, and barley forage yield... X. Hao |
6. Long-Term Effects of a Large Composted Cattle Manure Application Followed by Cover Crops to Organic Dryland Winter Wheat Cropping SystemsOrganic agriculture in semi-arid environments can face several challenges in order to produce a successful crop. These include nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies, moisture limitations, and high weed competition. Organic winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)-fallow systems can be amended with composted cattle manure and with green manure from cover crops grown in the fallow phase to help increase wheat yields and quality. Cattle manure can improve soil health with the... C. Helseth, U. Norton |
7. Snapshot of Crop Nutrient Balance with Use of a Rye Cover Crop in a Corn-soybean Rotation Under Tile Drainage in Eastern South DakotaThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using a winter rye cover crop within a corn/soybean rotation (rye seeded every fall and burned down each spring) on drainage water quality, crop nutrient status, and grain yield. Use of a winter rye cover crop to take up available N from the soil profile is a management tool that may help to lessen nutrient movement out of the soil profile while at the same time contributing to improved soil health. Winter rye is very winter hardy... P. Sexton, S. Kumar, S. Osborne, B. Brockmueller, A. Bly, B. Rops, A. Bawa, S. Bauder, J. Mcmaine |
8. Cover Crops in Certified Organic, Specialty Crop Food ProductionThere is a growing interest in certified organic, specialty crop food production. With a larger population demanding organic products and organic products offering a higher premium for the producer, farmers are exploring the transition to organic farming. Organic producers in southeastern Wyoming face multiple challenges in environments with high elevation, low precipitation, and have a short growing season. These challenges include management of persistent weeds, maintaining biodiversity, and... E. Moore, U. Norton |
9. Winter Wheat Response to Enchanced Efficiency Fertilizers in the Canadian PrairiesOptimal nitrogen (N) management can improve agronomic efficiency, and increase winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and protein content. Two experiments were conducted to measure the responses of winter wheat to enhanced efficiency N fertilizers and timing/placements across the Canadian Prairies. Experiment 1 consisted of uncoated urea, urea+nitrification inhibitor (urea+eNtrench®), urea+urease and nitrification inhibitors (SuperU®), and polymer-coated urea (Environmentally... Z. Wang, J. Owens, X. Hao, L. Hall, K. Coles, C. Holzapfel, E. Rahmani, R. Karimi Dehkordi, B. Beres |
10. Sheep Grazing Preference and Nutrient Cycling Implications Among Cover Crop SpeciesThe vast and interspersed livestock and crop industries of Texas lend opportunity for livestock integration to benefit regional agricultural systems. Texas leads sheep production in the U.S. and small ruminant integration in crop systems has become an appealing opportunity in recent years due to strong meat markets and generally poor commodity crop markets. Many winter cover crops are likely suitable forages, and challenges of nutrient immobilization could be (at least partially) mitigated by... R. Matschek, R. Noland, N. Nielson, J. Thorne, M. Mcculloch |